money management Archives - Page 9 of 22 - The Free Financial Advisor

What’s a Thrift Savings Plan?

January 26, 2022 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

A thrift savings plan is a retirement plan available to federal employees and members of the uniformed services.

Real quick…Uniformed services are bodies of people in the employment of a state who wear a distinct uniform that differentiates them from the general public. Their purpose is to maintain the peace, security, safety, and health of the public they serve.

Back to it. A thrift savings plan is a defined contribution plan, like a 401k, that offers federal employees the same benefits as people who work in the private sector.

In this article, we learn about what a thrift savings plan is, as well as the rules and regulations.

What is it?

As mentioned in the introduction, a thrift savings plan (TSP) is a defined contribution retirement plan for federal employees.

A TSP includes deferred contributions from employees and can include matching contributions from the federal agencies. The employee also has the option of contributing pre-tax to a Traditional TSP, or post-tax to a Roth TSP.

If applicable, you can rollover a previous 401k or IRA into a TSP, and vice versa if you retire or move back into the private sector.

Investing

Currently, Blackrock is providing the investment products used in the Federal TSP. The investment options include:

The Government Securities Investment (G) Fund
The Fixed-Income Index Investment (F) Fund
The Common-Stock Index Investment (C) Fund
The Small-Capitalization Stock Index Investment (S) Fund
The International-Stock Index Investment (I) Fund
Specific lifecycle (L) funds designed to include a mix of securities held in each of the other five individual funds

Rules and Regulations

Not only is it a retirement plan, but it’s also a government-sponsored retirement plan. Obviously, there are going to be some regulations that accompany it.

The TSP contribution limit for 2022 is $20,500. The government has a sliding scale match, starting at 1% and topping out at 5%. The match is available even if you don’t contribute, though it is at the 1% base amount. It’s a percentage for a percentage match. If you contribute 2%, the match is 2%. If you contribute 5%, the match is 5%.

Fees are considerably lower with TSPs, usually .05%. Like IRAs, TSPs also have required minimum distributions that must start at 72. IRAs have an early withdrawal penalty of 10% if you pull money before 59 ½ years of age. TSPs will waive that 10% penalty if you retire at 55 or older.

Disclaimer:

**Securities offered through Securities America, Inc., Member FINRA/SIPC. Advisory services offered through Securities America Advisors, Inc. Securities America and its representatives do not provide tax or legal advice; therefore, it is important to coordinate with your tax or legal advisor regarding your specific situation. Please see the website for full disclosures: www.crgfinancialservices.com

Jacob Sensiba

Jacob Sensible is a financial advisor with decades of experience in the financial planning industry. His journey into finance began out of necessity, stepping up to support his grandfather during a health crisis. This period not only grounded him in the essentials of stock analysis, investment strategies, and the critical roles of insurance and trusts in asset preservation but also instilled a comprehensive understanding of financial markets and wealth management. Jacob can be reached at: jake.sensiba@mygfpartner.com.

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

Tax Tips for Tax Time

January 19, 2022 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

April is fast approaching and soon, everyone will have to visit their accountants and file their taxes. That said, we need to make sure we are filing taxes correctly. Keeping accurate and up-to-date records is important. Here are some tax tips and how to be well-prepared for tax time.

Contribute to retirement accounts

If you haven’t done so yet, or you’d like to contribute more, you have until tax filing day to do so. For a refresher, here are the contribution limits for some IRAs: IRA/Roth IRA – Max contribution is $6,000 ($7,000 if you’re over 50 or older).

If you have a SEP IRA and you get an extension, you have until October 17, 2022, to make your 2021 contribution.

This is more of a tip for the end of the year, but make sure you take your Required Minimum Distributions. For people that are either over 70 ½ or over 72, depending on when you turned those ages, you need to withdraw money from your IRA. If you don’t, you’ll pay a tax penalty of 50% of the amount you should have withdrawn. For example, if your required amount was $10,000. You’ll pay a $5,000 tax penalty if you didn’t take that distribution.

Make a last-minute estimated payment

If you didn’t pay enough or you didn’t make a payment to the IRS for 2021 taxes, you have until you file to make your payment.

According to the IRS rules, you must pay 100% of last year’s tax liability or 90% of this year’s or you will owe an underpayment penalty.

Get tax docs in order

Get all of your tax documents in order. For earnings for the year, you’ll need one to several forms, depending on what you do for a living and how your business is set up. W2s are pretty common. If you’re an independent contractor, you’ll need 1099.

Itemize your deductions

Most people will take the standardized deduction, which is $12,550 for single filers and $25,100 for married couples filing jointly.

However, if you are self-employed or you have a lot of expenses that are tax-deductible, itemize your deductions. You could save a lot more money IF your total itemized deductions are larger than the standardized deduction.

Home office tax deduction

With the move to work from home still taking place, it might make sense to take advantage of the home office tax deduction. Here are some of the rules:

You must use the space exclusively for business
Expenses related to the space used for business are tax-deductible but need to be calculated according to the amount of square footage used for business
A lot of taxpayers stay away from this deduction, as they think it’s a red flag for an audit. If you’re legitimately using the space as you say and you aren’t fabricating numbers, then you have nothing to worry about

Last-minute tax tips for tax time

Triple-check your work if you prepared your own taxes and file on time. If you’re having someone prepare your taxes on your behalf, make your appointment ASAP because their calendars will fill up really fast.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

Applying for a Mortgage

January 12, 2022 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

There’s always talk about home-buying and mortgages, but with interest rates being at all-time lows over the past few years, I feel like the talk about those things have picked up. Not only that, interest rates are likely going up this year so people are trying to get in before it’s too late. In this post, I want to talk about mortgages, how they work, and what happens when applying for a mortgage.

What’s a mortgage?

A mortgage is a loan you get from the bank or another lender to buy a house. When you submit an offer to buy a house, you’ll apply for a mortgage, and it’s a very involved process. More on that later.

In a mortgage, you’ll have options for what your term is. Your typical options are 15-year, 20-year, and 30-year.

You’ll also have to make a down payment. Current trends show that a lower down payment is pretty common. Depending on the type of loan, you can put down 3+%. And how much you put down matters. If you put down less than 20%, you’ll have to pay Primary Mortgage Insurance (PMI).

Here are the pieces of your typical mortgage payment – principal, interest, taxes and insurance, and PMI (if applicable). Taxes and insurance are commonly put in an escrow account and paid when they’re due by the lender.

Mortgage application process

From application to closing, it’s about 45-60 days. During that period, you’ll go through underwriting. In underwriting, they’ll have you submit documentation to confirm your credit report, annual income, current assets and liabilities, employment information, prior tax returns, among other things.

After you’ve cleared underwriting and they’ve confirmed everything, you’ll head to closing. At closing, you’ll sign a lot of papers. You’ll likely need to bring your checkbook with you as well.

There are closing costs associated with your mortgage. Some of these can be added to your total mortgage and some of them need to be paid. Closing costs are normally 3%-6% of the total mortgage and can include real estate commissions, taxes, insurance premiums, title fees, and record filing fees.

And if you’re buying, you’ll also need to write a check for the down payment.

Who gets a mortgage?

There is a slough of factors you need to meet when applying for a mortgage. Credit score matters. Usually, you’ll need at least a 620 credit score (all else being equal) to get a mortgage. Though the better the credit score, the better interest rate you’ll get.

The debt to income ratio needs to be under 50%. The lower the debt to income ratio (all else being equal) the more you can afford. If you have a 45% debt to income ratio and can afford a $250,000 mortgage, you’d probably be able to afford a $300,000 if your debt to income ratio is 25% (this is just an example, I didn’t do the math on this).

Condition of the home. With an FHA mortgage, they are a little pickier on the condition of your home. Usually, it’s just the outside of the home they’re picky with. Chipped paint is a typical thing they take issue with, so just be aware of that.

Applying for a mortgage is necessary for most people so it’s important you understand how they work.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

Retirement Costs to Consider

January 5, 2022 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

You save for years and years…decades and decades. When you’re saving for retirement, an important consideration to keep in mind when you set your nest egg goal is your retirement costs.

When determining and estimating retirement costs, you need to consider what the average expenses are in general and for the retired folks in your area/state. Once you figure out the generalities, you must adapt them to your situation.

Some items to consider:

Travel – Will you stay in your current home? Will you move to a warmer state or a state without an income tax? Do you have family spread around the country? Will you take vacations on an annual basis? If you’re planning on traveling every year, possibly multiple times a year, it’s important to factor those costs into your monthly/annual budget – so you can save for it.
Healthcare costs – When you get older, your body doesn’t typically work as it has in the past. You are also more susceptible to illness (as we’ve seen over the past two years). As a result, your healthcare costs go up.
Housing – There are a few things to consider when determining your housing costs. Will you stay put or will you move? If you move, will you downsize? If you move, will you move to a different state? Does that state have income taxes? What do you anticipate energy costs will be?

Typical retirement costs

People 65 and older have spent an average of $4,847. On average, utilities, public services, and fuel cost an additional $3,743.

On average, Americans spend $10,160 per year on transportation. Retirees spend a little less. Anywhere between $4,963 and $6,618.

The general American population spends $5,204 on healthcare. Retirees spend between $6,792 and $6,619.

American retirees spend $6,303 on food. They also spend, on average, $2,282 on entertainment.

Expect to spend between 55%-80% of current expenses in retirement.

There are 9 states without a state income tax – Alaska, Florida, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming.

These are the states with the cheapest monthly utilities – Idaho ($343.71), Utah ($350.17), Montana ($359.03), Washington ($369.18), and Nevada ($3376.93).

Conversely, here are the top 5 most expensive ones – Hawaii ($730.86), Alaska ($527.96), Rhode Island ($521.98), Connecticut ($496.07), and New York ($477.31).

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

Managing High Inflation in Retirement

December 29, 2021 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

Inflation is high. We all know that. I’ve been writing about it for months and it appears that it’s here to stay. With all of that said, I saw a question the other day about how to manage the high inflation when you’re in retirement, and I thought it was a good topic to talk about today. So we’re going to discuss high inflation in retirement, how it’s impacting retirees, budgeting strategies, investment strategy changes, and if inflation will be an ongoing concern for retirees.

Inflation right now

It’s high…no surprise to anyone. In January it was 1.4%, in April it was 4.2%, in July it was 5.4%, in October it was 6.8%, and in December it was 5.9%. That’s historically high. The highest it’s been in 40 years. Will that stay, only time will tell and we’ll get into that later.

How is it impacting retirees?

Things are getting expensive, so when you set a budget at the beginning of your retirement you account for the current price of the things you need. You should also account for increased costs of items as time goes on because there can be big or small increases…either way, prices costs will go up.

Groceries and energy are two prime examples of things that have gotten more expensive recently. So when those things went up in price, it probably pinched people’s budgets, and/or pushed forward costs that probably weren’t expected for several years. Odds are, they’re spending more money now on food and energy than they anticipated. Hopefully, people have been able to make adjustments already.

Budgeting Strategies

There really aren’t a lot of tips I can give you. The best thing I can really say is to cut costs where it makes sense to account for things that are now more expensive. The other tip, though this is more of a gamble, is to not make any changes now and make changes in the future when inflation comes down.

Investment Strategies

With your investment, you’ll need to reallocate some assets. I wouldn’t take any money out of stocks. What I would do is take some money out of your bond investments and put it into precious metals. The FED said that they plan on hiking rates three times in 2022. Bond prices will go down when interest rates go up. Increasing your stock allocation or putting some money in precious metals could be a good way to combat inflation.

High inflation here to stay?

No, I do think it will be here until the FED hikes rates, but my reasoning for that has to do with what happened in 2018. If the FED can raise rates without putting a cork in the recovery, then I think there’s a possibility that inflation and the federal funds rate will stay elevated until the bubble pops.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

End of Year Money Moves

December 22, 2021 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

We’re getting close to the end of the year so I think it’s a good time to review how to set yourself up for success for next year. Here are some end-of-year money moves you should make.

Year in review

I think it’s important to reflect on the year that has been – financially, emotionally, physically, and spiritually. If you’re not evaluating your progress as a human, I think you are doing yourself a disservice.

We’ll stick with the finance side of things in this article. Did you achieve the goals you set out to reach when the year started? If you had a goal to pay off debt, did you? If you had a goal to increase your savings rate for retirement, did you?

I think that’s important for two reasons. One, you review your progress to see if you were successful or not. Two, you use this year’s progress to help set your target for next year. If you achieved your goal, you can set a higher target for next year. If you didn’t, maybe keep the same goal and try to hit it next year.

It’s also a good idea to review your investment/retirement portfolio at the end of the year. If you’re investing your retirement savings, there are some sectors or asset classes that performed better than others throughout the year. If that’s the case with your portfolio, the percentage you’re at now is probably different from where you started.

Typically, I like to leave it be, but if you’re in a stage of life where you have to be more selective, then being overweight in a risky asset is probably not a good idea. When you review your investment portfolio make sure that you’re still in good shape with regard to your risk tolerance and time horizon, and you’re pleased with your account’s performance.

Set goals for next year

After you review your progress from this year, set your goals for next year. If you saved more than you set out to at the beginning of the year, use the ACTUAL savings as your goal for next year. If you paid off some debt, redirect toward another one.

What happens if you don’t have any more debt? Congratulations! Then make sure your emergency savings are adequate. If it’s sufficient, beef up your retirement savings or something else you’re saving for.

When you’re making your money moves for next year, make sure you’re designating time to assess your progress throughout the year.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

How to Set Investing Goals

December 15, 2021 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

Saving money for the future is important, but I believe it’s even more important to invest that money and make it work for you. With that said, you can’t just start investing. You need to lay some groundwork first, you need to have goals in mind, and you have to be intentional so that when things get difficult, you stick with the plan instead of abandoning it during the discomfort. Today, we’re going to talk about how to set investing goals.

What kind of goals are there?

There are typically three-goal time horizons: short-term, medium-term, and long-term. A short-term goal is something you plan on achieving in 2-10 years. Saving for a down payment is a pretty common goal that fits into that window. A medium-term goal is 10-20 years. Saving for educational expenses for a child fits into that window. A long-term goal is retirement or anything else that’s 20+ years down the road.

These time windows are my opinion, though I think they’re pretty close to conventional opinion. Also, there are more goals than the ones I listed above.

How to think through your goal-setting

There are three things to keep in mind when you set investing goals (not to mention figuring out the goal itself). How much time do you have? Is this a short-term, medium-term, or long-term goal? Do you have time to take some risks or do you have to play it safe?

Speaking of risk…what are you comfortable with? Usually, this goes hand in hand with how much time you have. A short-term goal like saving for a down payment will need to be invested conservatively, if at all. In this scenario, you’ll have a set price you’re saving for so you can’t take a chance that the market dips and your savings fall below what you need it to be at.

Conversely, when you’re saving for retirement, you’ll have an opportunity to be more aggressive (at least in the beginning) because you have time to make back the money that you’ve potentially lost.

The last part of positioning your portfolio according to your goals is your comfort level/investor psychology. Time horizon and risk tolerance are small factors here, but it’s more about how volatility affects your mind. If the market drops and you’re panicked, maybe you need to be more conservative.

How to invest based on your goals

Here are some thoughts on how to invest based on your goals. If you’re saving for a short-term goal, like a down payment, I wouldn’t even invest it. UNLESS you’re very confident and you’re an expert in the particular field (though that applies to all of the time horizons).

If you’re saving for a medium-term goal, like saving for college, here’s what I’d do. You can be a little aggressive in the beginning because you have time to earn some money back. As you get closer to the end of your window, you’ll need to be more cautious. Maybe start 50/50 (stocks/bonds) and as you get closer, either get out of the market entirely or something like 10/90 or 20/80.

For your long-term goal, you’re able to be more aggressive for a longer period of time. 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 all work great here. It depends on what you’re comfortable with. Same as the last one, as you get closer to the end of your window, you need to shift your allocation to be more conservative.

Keep in mind, these are blanket recommendations. I don’t know your situation, so you need to talk to a professional first before you set investing goals and make investment decisions.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

6 Tips for Saving Money While Online Shopping

December 9, 2021 by Susan Paige Leave a Comment

Nowadays, people prefer doing online shopping than going to physical stores. With online shopping, you get to save money and time from driving your way into the store, standing in long queues for the counter, and visiting multiple stores to find what you need. Now, you only have to open your phone or laptop, browse hundreds of products and brands online, and shop for the things you need. You can do all these while sitting on your couch or lying in your bed. But with this convenience comes another challenge: how to save money. [Read more…]

Financial Resolutions: Debt, Savings, Investing, Real Estate, and Crypto

December 8, 2021 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

The new year is right around the corner so I thought it fitting to layout some resolutions for a few different financial topics. Here are financial resolutions for crypto, investing, real estate, savings, and debt.

Debt

Pay down or pay off your debt. If you have credit card debt, make it a goal for next year to pay it off completely. The interest rates that credit card companies charge are so brutal. Getting rid of credit card debt would relieve a lot of stress and save you a lot of money that you’re wasting on interest. Not to mention, whatever you’re currently paying towards your credit card can be used for something way more productive.

If all you have is a mortgage, make extra payments. If you have no debt, congratulations! Try and save more so there’s no chance of you going into debt again.

Savings

Would you like to buy a house next year? Save for your down payment. The bigger your down payment is the smaller your responsibility will be; in terms of monthly payments and in terms of total money owed. Especially if your down payment is 20% or more. If that’s the case, you don’t have to pay mortgage insurance (AKA PMI).

If a down payment isn’t something you need to save for, increase your savings rate for retirement. Or set yourself up to cover some unexpected expenses by creating an emergency fund. Do some math, establish a goal number (emergencies, down payment, retirement savings), and then create a plan to save and hit that number.

Investing

For the most part, investing will take place in your retirement account. And for most people, the amount of time you have until retirement is a couple of decades. With that said, you can be a little more aggressive with your investments.

If this description doesn’t fit you, then figure out what works for you. Determine your time horizon, risk tolerance, and what you’d be able to tolerate in terms of short-term losses. If you’d like to get a good idea about what your preference is, take our risk tolerance quiz.

Real Estate

This one is a little challenging because it’s not like you’re going to move once per year. Also, investing in real estate isn’t for everyone. So I’m going to try and hit a few groups with this one.

Buy a new home. If you need more space for your growing family, you got a new job that requires relocation, you want to be closer to your church or family members, then make a move.

Make improvements to your current home to increase the value of your home or to make better use of the space. It can also improve tax credits especially if you use sustainable materials like solar panels. Either way, the improvement has a positive effect on your living situation.

Most people can invest in real estate, they just do it differently. Some people are going to invest in physical properties and some can invest in Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT). Either way, you need to be picky (like all investments) so you get a good return on your money.

Crypto

This applies to everything in this post, but especially here…do your homework. I like crypto. I think there are investment opportunities, but I also think there’s a possibility it all collapses. I like the technology it’s created on, but I don’t know how it’ll transform and what the adoptability will be. Invest only what you can afford to lose is my best advice. With all that said, make financial resolutions to get more educated about cryptocurrencies and the blockchain.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

How to Prep your Finances Before you Quit your Job

November 3, 2021 by Jacob Sensiba Leave a Comment

There are a lot of jobs open right now. Maybe you’re not particularly happy in your current role so you’re looking for other opportunities. Before you leave, you need to make sure you have your affairs in order. Here’s how to prep your finances before you quit your job.

Some things to make note of first.

Plan Ahead

If you want to quit, but don’t have anything lined up yet, get that process started ASAP. There may be a plethora of jobs available right now, but that doesn’t mean you’re going to get one right away.

Ideally, you’ll have an accepted job offer before you quit your current job, but that won’t apply to everyone.

You could be leaving a hostile work environment, you could have a bad work/life balance, or you’d like to explore different opportunities.

That’s why you must do your best to always be prepared because you never know what is going to happen. You can’t predict the future.

Before you quit your job, here’s what you have to do.

Have Money Saved

Make sure you have money saved. You truly don’t know how long it’s going to take to find another job. That’s why I say you should have one lined up before you quit your current job. That’s also why the common advice is to have 3-6 months of living expenses saved in case you lose your job.

It’s also important to see what’s out there. As I mentioned in the beginning, there are a lot of jobs available, but that doesn’t mean you’re going to find a better one. Do your research.

Prep Your Finances

If you want to be able to have less liquid money available, work on your expenses. Cut down where you can. If you’re servicing debt, get it paid off so you don’t have that liability sitting out there. If you don’t have any liabilities, you remove the chance that you’ll miss a payment (which is bad for your credit score). Your credit score is important in today’s economy, especially when looking for a job.

Back-Up Plan

Whether you are exploring a different field entirely or looking for a better role in your current industry, it’s a good idea to have something to fall back on. Even with a record number of job offerings, the job market is still unpredictable. Make sure you have a contingency job picked out that matches your skillset and expertise just in case the role you’re pursuing doesn’t work out.

Make Money in the Meantime

Learn how to make money…quickly. If the job hunt is taking longer than you expected, find a way to supplement the income you lost. There are several ways to hustle your way into a wage nowadays. Uber, Lyft, Instacart, UpWork, Fiverr, and more. There are plenty of companies that’ll hire you as a contractor. If you’re making money, that could enable you to be very picky on the job you take.

Health Insurance

Last thing. Don’t forget about healthcare costs. If you get benefits from your current job, figure out how/if you’re going to get health insurance while you are out of work. Short-term plans might meet a need if you’re just looking for disaster coverage, but if you’re someone that requires ongoing medical care, there’s probably something else that’ll meet your needs better.

Prep your finances BEFORE you make a move.

Disclaimer:

Jacob Sensiba

mygfpartner.com/jacob-sensiba-wisconsin-financial-advisor/

What is it?

Investing

Rules and Regulations

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

Contribute to retirement accounts

Make a last-minute estimated payment

Get tax docs in order

Itemize your deductions

Home office tax deduction

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

What’s a mortgage?

Mortgage application process

Who gets a mortgage?

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

Some items to consider:

Typical retirement costs

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

Inflation right now

How is it impacting retirees?

Budgeting Strategies

Investment Strategies

High inflation here to stay?

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

Year in review

Set goals for next year

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

What kind of goals are there?

How to think through your goal-setting

How to invest based on your goals

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

Debt

Savings

Investing

Real Estate

Crypto

Related reading:

Disclaimer:

Plan Ahead

Have Money Saved

Prep Your Finances

Back-Up Plan

Make Money in the Meantime

Health Insurance

Related reading:

Disclaimer: