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Your Wealth: What You Shouldn’t Do

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Establish an emergency fund, pay down debt, save for retirement, and grow your wealth! Much of your financial life is focused on the things you should do.

However, what I think to be more important are the things you shouldn’t do!

Educational Debt

There’s been a lot of literature/news over the last few years about how much of a problem student loan debt is. As of 2018, total student loan debt was $1.47 trillion. With a T! (Source)

That said, here are some things you should avoid.

  • Taking on too much – Some degrees/professions require a lot of schooling, which can lead to large amounts of student loan debt. And I don’t mean to speak ill of any degrees/professions, but if your desired career requires a “basic” 4-year degree, it’s probably best to find an in-state university to cut costs. Better yet, start at a local 2-year university or tech school until your Gen. Eds. are complete, then transfer.
  • Not having a plan for after – I think this is a common fear for Millennials and Gen Z, but you have so much time to figure things out. Don’t just go to college to get a degree. If you need time, take time. Once you figure out what you want, determine what you need to do to get there.
  • Not researching options – There are SO many student loan options. Depending on what type of loan you choose (private or public), you could have a wide range of payback methodologies. I wrote about student loan options and payback options in two previous posts. Check them out!

Credit cards

There are two BIG problems with credit cards. People who use them irresponsibly and people who don’t use them at all.

  • Using irresponsibly – This one pretty much speaks for itself. This pertains to people who spend way more than they ought to. A good rule of thumb is to only buy something using a credit card if you have the funds readily available to pay the balance off. Don’t have the money, don’t put it on the card. Doing so will cost you in interest and can really set you back.
  • Not using at all – Better than the first point, but still not great. Using a credit card can help your financial situation if you use it correctly. Most of them have rewards of some sort. It’s another credit account on your report. Charging and paying off right away establishes a good payment history. All good things for your credit score.

No emergency fund

Establishing an emergency fund is Step 1. If you don’t have money set aside for unexpected expenses, you’ll have to charge it. This leads to the point above about irresponsible use.

Save $1,000 for emergencies, turn your attention to high-interest debt (credit cards), and then shift your focus back to your emergency fund once that debt is paid off.

Spending

  • Paying bills late – Not paying your bills on time, especially ones shown on your credit report is a big mistake. The #1 factor in calculating your credit score is payment history. Paying ONE bill late will knock your score down. Just one. Don’t do it.
  • Spending too much – (See irresponsible credit card use) This is especially harmful if you frivolously spend BEFORE taking care of important “budget items”. Things like saving, debt payments, and bills.
  • Being too frugal – Though frugality is helpful in building wealth, it can also hurt you. There comes a point when you are too frugal. A vital life skill is doing things in moderation. If you pinch pennies and forego rewarding yourself, you run the risk of breaking the bank on a “bender”.

Investing

  • Waiting – I cannot stress enough the importance of investing early. What helps you make the most of your retirement savings is compound interest. The more time you have to invest, the more compound interest works in your favor.
  • Panic selling – This is a timely point since the market dropped almost 5 percent in the last week. Selling out of fear is always bad. More often than not, when you “panic sell,” you’ve already experienced the majority of the drawdown. Now, this depends on your particular situation, but it behooves you to stay invested during that period.
  • Using generalities when setting up an investment plan – Your investment plan needs to reflect your goals, risk tolerance, time horizon, and behavior. Using generalities is good for someone who writes about this stuff, but it’s not good for YOU. Your plan has to be tailored to YOU.

Life and Wealth

  • Sticking with a job you hate – Sometimes money and comfort makes us do things we don’t want to do. Being unhappy at your job is not worth it. It’s important, however, to thoroughly think through this decision. Quitting is tough, but if your family counts on you for income, you need to have a plan in place before you jump ship.
  • Comparing yourself to others – I’m going to encourage you to develop a new mindset because society taught us that wealth looks like fancy cars and big houses. I want you to think about stealth wealth. It’s probably my most favorite phrase/term. Someone with stealth wealth lives within their means. They live in a modest home, drive a car for transportation only, but saves more than the average person. They don’t “look” wealthy, but their retirement account says otherwise.

Further reading:

What it takes to be a successful investor

How to pay off credit card debt

Creating a financial plan you can stick to

What It Take To Be A Successful Investor

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What makes a successful investor? Is it your ability to beat the market or to beat your competition?

In my opinion, being a successful investor doesn’t have to do with out-earning your peers or leaving the S&P in the dust. No, my definition is very simple.

Develop an investment plan using a variety of factors, and be able to execute and follow that plan indefinitely.

Suitability

This is step 1. You need to figure out what your “suitability” is. Your suitability will lay a very good foundation upon which you build your investment plan. Suitability involves three things:

  • Risk tolerance – This is your ability to handle drawdowns in your portfolio. If you crumble with fear every time you lose 5 percent, then you’ll probably want a fairly conservative portfolio*. On the other hand, if you have no problem seeing your portfolio drop 50 percent, then you’re ready for a more aggressive allocation.
  • Time horizon – Probably the most important factor of the three. Your time horizon is basically when you’ll need the money. A long time horizon allows an investor to take on more risk because there’s more time for them to recover from drawdowns. The inverse is true for short time horizons. You’ll want to be conservative because you have little time to earn back what’d you lost.
    • Long time horizon – 10+ years
    • Medium time horizon – 2-5 years
    • Short time horizon – Less than 2 years
  • Goals – What’s your plan? Is this savings going to be used as a down payment for a house? If so, there’s probably a minimum dollar amount you have in mind and you’ll want to tip the odds in your favor that you don’t go below that. Similarly, if this is for retirement and you have 30 years to invest, you have the green light for risk assets.

Keep in mind that all three of these things, plus one other, need to be used together when determining your asset allocation. If you are tolerant of risk, but need the money in 5 years, somewhere in the middle between aggressive and conservative is probably better. That one other thing is your behavior as an investor.

Investor behavior

The finance/investment world is coming around to this, but your psychology is a HUGE factor as an investor.

Obtaining a high return on assets is one of your goals, but it should not be the primary goal. When you create an investment plan you have to make sure it’s something you can actually stick with.

I wrote about it previously, here.

You could be tolerant to risk and you could have a long time horizon, but if you lay awake at night every time the market drops, then you need to rethink your approach.

That kind of fear and anxiety hinders your ability to follow your plan. What normally happens, is someone sets an unrealistic investment plan, one where they take on too much risk.

Thereafter, volatility picks up. They check their portfolio and it’s declined 15 percent. They wait a day and check the next.

Another 2 percent drop. Then the thought of 2008 creeps into their heads and the panic sell.

You can set up a great investment plan, but your behavior will ultimately make the decisions. Keep that in mind.

Asset allocation

Using your suitability and behavior, you can then determine your asset allocation. The types of assets you use in your allocation can vary. If you wanted to invest a small percentage of your portfolio in gold, for instance.

The three most common assets are stocks, bonds, and cash. With risks ranging from high risk to virtually (there’s always some risk) no risk.

Speaking very generally, people with long time horizons and are more tolerant of risk, have a more aggressive portfolio. The inverse is true for people with short time horizons and a low-risk tolerance.

That said, the ultimate goal is to develop a plan that meets your goals in the smoothest fashion possible.

Ignore the noise

Throughout your investment “career” you’ll run into people, friends, family, or even random people on the street that will tell you the sky is falling or that the newest IPO will go gang-busters and you need to get in now!

Put your blinders on. There are two things that hurt investors. Their own behavior and their ability, or lack thereof, to tune out what’s happening around them.

This is extremely difficult because we, as humans, have evolved to use our peers to compare or judge, our standing in society.

Stay in your lane and focus on your goals.

Never stop learning

Every single experience in your life is a learning opportunity, especially the bad one. I recommend journaling daily, recount your day, and dig little nuggets of knowledge from your experiences.

Additionally, take in some form of content every day that improves your understanding in your line of work, or in an industry that you’re interested in.

With regard to your finances, give our Toolkit page a look. There you’ll find a number of books and resources to enhance your financial know-how.

Please be advised: Everything written in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be taken as investment advice. Opinions are my own and do not reflect the opinions of this publisher or my employer.

Further reading:

The Psychology Of Money

 

5 Useful Life Lessons We Can Impart to Our Future Kids About Money Savings

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A good savings habit is essential for a secure future. You will always have the money to attend to your needs if any arises. This could be health emergencies or unnecessary bills that come up.

A good example is when you start experiencing problems with your teeth. You will have enough money to visit a wonderful dental clinic if you save. You should also teach your kids how to save. Simple things like getting them a piggy bank or opening a junior account for them helps them to learn and develop the culture. You can use different life lessons to teach them about saving. Here are some of the things you can use to educate them on the importance of saving.

Financial Independence

Being financially independent is good for your life. You don’t have to depend on anyone every time you need something. Financial over-dependency on someone may lower your self-esteem and limit you from doing important things in your life. You can teach your kids to start being independent early by introducing them to saving at a tender age.

Emergencies

Different emergencies that require financial help may arise in life. You may be involved in an accident and need money to service your medical bills. Not having enough in your savings account may see you struggle with your bills. You should encourage your kids to save to stay safe in case of such in the future. They can also use the money on preventive treatments like the use of prophy paste to treat oral illnesses that may force them to spend a lot in the future.

Peace of Mind

Financial challenges can deny you the peace of mind you need. You will be in constant depression and anxiety because you lack enough money to buy essential commodities and service your bills. Some people experience mental health issues as a result. The best way to overcome such financial challenges is saving. You will have enough money to service your bills and buy important items. This guarantees you peace of mind essential for your life.

Job Lose

You may lose your job or get laid off in several instances. This is one instance when your savings can be put into good use. You can use that money to start up a profitable venture that will sustain you. It is a life lesson you should use to teach your young one on the importance of saving and how to utilize the little they get from their income if they secure a job in the future. Teaching your kids this habit at an early age will make them develop an interest in saving and have a secure future.

Early Bird Gets the Worm: How to Retire Early

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The average retirement age in the United States is 62. Some workers get to 69.

But let’s be honest. Who, especially among millennials and GenZ, wants to work into their 60s? Don’t we all want to call it a day on our careers much earlier and do more meaningful things like traveling the world and, you know, watching Netflix all day?

The only problem? Money!

If you don’t save enough money for retirement, you cannot afford to retire early. Heck, you might not even retire at all.

The good news?

This how to retire early guide will help ensure you’re one of the early birds.

Know How Much Money You to Retire

Doing some research, you’ll quickly learn that experts recommend a nest egg of $1 million to $1.5 million.

Well, on paper, that’s a tidy bundle, but it doesn’t necessarily mean it’ll be enough for your retirements. First, it’s challenging to establish the exact amount of money you’ll need, simply because of life’s uncertainties.

You could have $1 million in your retirement kitty, but then you develop a serious illness a few years into your retirement, which wipes out the money. This being said, there are ways to take care of these uncertainties, such as purchasing adequate health insurance.

So, how can you determine how much money you’ll need?

Let’s crunch the numbers.

Begin by setting your target retirement age, say, 55.

Life expectancy in the U.S. is 78 years.

This means after retiring at 55, you’ll have 23 more years to live. But if you’re a tough cookie, you could get to 90+!

Next, what are your current living costs? If you spend $50,000 a year, you’ll need at least $1.15 million to retire at 55, and assuming you don’t live past 78 years!

Bear in mind living expenses tend to significantly increase as one gets older, so you should factor in that too.

Starting Saving, NOW!

A recent survey established that most Americans in their 40s have saved up a meager $63,000 for retirement. Considering that the ballpark figure is at least $1 million, it’s fair to say this lot is dangerously behind, and, ironically, they are the ones dreaming about early retirements!

A mistake many people make is starting to get serious about saving when they’re very close to the retirement age. Maybe this is when the reality of retirement hits home, or they simply believe they’ll be earning a lot more money in the future, so saving will be easier. Don’t be like these people.

If you want to retire early, you have to start saving right now. The earlier you start, the more time you’ll have to raise the amount of money you need to retire.

Let’s say you just turned 30, want to retire at 55, and you need at least $1.15 million for retirement.

So you have 25 years to save $1.15 million. In this case, you’ll need to put away $46,000 every year till you turn 55. Quite a challenge, but certainly doable.

If you start saving at 40, the amount you will need to save every year climbs to $76,000. For most people, this isn’t possible.

Again, start saving now.

Invest NOW

Let’s face it:

You can hum on about numbers as much as you’d like, but the hard truth is the average American isn’t going to raise a million bucks through savings alone. What will happen if, for instance, you lose your job? Your savings plan will be thrown into disarray.

This is why you need to start investing today.

Investing, as long as it’s done right, is a sure way to build wealth and get rich.

The question is: where should you invest your money?

If you’re anything like most Americans, you’ll want to put your money in the stock market, and for good reason. Folks who invested $1,000 in Amazon 10 years now have over $20,000, assuming they didn’t sell off their shares. If you’d put in $10,000, you’d have over $200K.

Looks all rosy, right? Not so fast! A stock market crash can wipe out your investment!

This means you have to diversify your portfolio. Another ideal investment market is real estate.

Unlike stocks, the value of real property cannot be wiped clean. Sure, the Financial Crisis of 2008 negatively affected the real estate market, but values will drop and start climbing back up after a couple of years.

Also, another selling point about real estate is you don’t have to invest in physical properties. You can put your money into Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and wait for your profits at the end of the financial year.

Get Advice from Retirement Professionals

Planning for retirement might look easy on the surface, but it’s incredibly challenging when you dig deeper. In fact, left to your own devices, you’ll likely make costly mistakes that will only delay your desire to retire early.

It’s advisable to seek retirement plan services. These experts will evaluate your financial status and help you set smart savings goals and develop investment strategies that suit your needs.

Also, a retirement professional will help you develop the right mindset about retirement. You’ll learn that retiring early isn’t necessarily about age, but how well-prepared you are to hang up your spurs when you’re ready.

How to Retire Early Simplified!

It’s one thing to desire an early retirement, and it’s quite another to actually retire early. For most people, this will remain just a desire.

But with this guide on how to retire early, you now have much of the information you need to turn your desires into an actionable, achievable plan.

All the best and keep tabs on our blog for insightful financial advice.

Why Is Bankruptcy the Last Resort?

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Bankruptcy declaration

Under UK law, a person can declare bankruptcy under the Insolvency Rules 1986. A creditor or group of creditors can also bring an order of bankruptcy against a borrower under the law.

If you are facing severe financial difficulties and find yourself unable to pay your debts, you may consider declaring yourself insolvent. However, declaration of bankruptcy should only be used as the very last resort as it can significantly affect your assets and credit rating.

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Strategies For Improving Your Credit Score

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Your credit score is extremely important, nowadays. It determines whether or not you qualify for other credit accounts, and if so, what terms. It plays a factor in where you live, and it can even impact job opportunities.

That said, it’s crucial you do everything you can to improve and keep your score high.

What impacts your score?

There are five factors that play a role in calculating your credit score. They are listed below with percentages to discern how big of a role each one plays.

  1. Payment history (35%) – How frequently do you make on-time payments. This number should be 100%
  2. Credit utilization (30%) – How much credit have you used compared to how much you have available. For example, if you have $20,000 of credit available and used $5,000, you have a utilization rate of 25%. Credit rating agencies want to see it below 30%, but the lower, the better.
  3. Credit age (15%) – How old are your current credit accounts? The older, the better. This means that every time you open a new credit account, your credit age drops.
  4. Types of credit (10%) – Credit cards, loans, student loans, etc. Variety helps here.
  5. Number of credit inquiries (10%) – Hard credit inquiries negatively affect your score. Like the utilization, low numbers are better.

(Source)

What hurts your score

There are a few things that negatively impact your score. I’ll list the bad things from the list above, then I’ll list a few others.

  • Poor payment history – If your payment history is below 100%, you’re already starting from behind. Anything under 100% gets notched down.
  • High utilization rate – As I said, rating agencies want to see utilization rates under 30%, so anything over that will bring your score down.
  • Low credit age – Older accounts are better for your score
  • Only one type of credit account
  • A large number of credit inquiries
  • Bankruptcy – Negatively affects your credit score and stays on your credit report for 10 years.
  • Liens and judgments taken out against you – Negatively affects your score and stays on your report for 7 years

Starting from a low score

If you are starting from a lower score, it could be from past experiences (bankruptcy or liens), and if that’s the case, you can only improve. Unfortunately, time is your enemy right now until those drop off.

The first place I would start is to pay off your current debt. If you don’t have any open credit accounts, the next step is to open one.

Individuals with low scores will have trouble opening credit accounts, so I would start with a secured credit card.

A secured credit card is like a regular one, except you establish the credit limit with a deposit. The amount of your deposit is the amount of your limit.

This is a slow and steady way to improve your payment history and show the credit rating agency that you’re responsible.

Current credit accounts

Speaking generally, I advise people to keep their credit accounts open. The one exception is you do plan on closing a credit account, make it one you recently set up.

Getting rid of a new account will increase your credit age, which should increase your score.

New credit accounts

If you’re looking to increase your score, I’d recommend abstaining from opening any new accounts, unless you’re someone that needs to open that secured credit card to rebuild your score.

The other two exceptions would be opening an account for a credit card balance transfer or a personal loan for debt consolidation.

Opening new accounts hurt twice. One, you effectively lower your credit age. And two, when you apply for a credit account, it counts as a hard credit inquiry.

Don’t do it unless you have to, and if the long-term benefits outweigh the short-term penalties.

Pay down debts

Paying down debt is a slow way to improve your credit score, but it’s a tremendous way to improve your finances overall.

Less debt means less money needed to service that debt. Less debt means a lower utilization rate (number 2 factor).

Also, when you make debt payments [on time], you’re strengthening your payment history (number 1 factor).

I recently wrote an article, linked here, about paying down debts. Give it a read. In that article, you’ll also find helpful resources on similar topics.

Utilities

The last thing I would do is check to make sure your utility provider (for me, my local municipality has its own utility company) is listed on your credit report.

My previous utility company (WE Energies) did come up on my credit report. It’s another “credit type” and another way to strengthen your payment history.

Further reading:

A Guide to Credit Tradelines: What Do They Actually Do for Your Score?

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In 2018, the average credit score in the United States was 704, which is considered ‘Very Good,’ and it is. Some lenders may offer people with this score the lowest rates, but there is no guarantee.

If you are one of the many Americans who find themselves in this boat, then you probably want to improve your credit score so you can also be a member of the 800-Plus Club. To do so, you must learn and understand everything there is to know about credit tradelines and how they affect your credit report.

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5 Factors to Consider When Turning Your Passion Project into a Business

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You’re about to take a big step in your career: taking your former passion project and turning it into a legitimate business. It’s an exciting notion. After all, you’ve probably been hearing people tell you, “if you do what you love for work, then you won’t work a day in your life.” It’s a romantic idea, to be sure, but turning your passion into a stable business can actually be very difficult to do.

Before you quit your day job, you might want to consider these 5 factors before you turn your passion into a business.

1.   Is the Market Viable?

This is arguably the most important thing to consider before you launch your new career. You’re going to have to study the market carefully and ascertain whether or not there’s really money to be made in your line of work.

Be honest with yourself. Just because you love your particular passion, doesn’t mean there are lots of people out there who are willing to pay for your product or service—or maybe not enough to provide you with a comfortable living. It’s not a bad idea to start your passion project as a side business first so that you can better evaluate its financial viability.

It’s great that you’re gunning for your dream career, but it might not be worth quitting your day job if you’re going to go hungry or become house poor. And you might want to be making enough money to adequately prepare for retirement.

Now how exactly can you evaluate the market? Easy: look at local businesses (or online businesses, if you’re going into ecommerce) and see how they’re faring. Take note of how many employees they seem to have and how much they charge for their product/service.

2.   Managing Employees is Hard

When you initially worked on your passion project, before you took to the private sector, you probably didn’t have to worry about managing employees. You were probably just working for yourself. But if your company is going to grow, or if you’re going to produce enough work to be profitable, you might need to hire an employee or two, or ten.

Hiring and managing employees is difficult, and the latter is a day-to-day job in and of itself. Before you hire a new job candidate, be sure you run a background or credit check for employment purposes. A credit check is especially important if you’re going to be hiring an accountant—you don’t want to hire a financial advisor who has bad credit. On that note, be sure you carefully budget your business before you start hiring—there are lots of businesses that hire too many employees too quickly and are forced to lay people off.

There are some great tools you can use to help manage your employees. If you have part-time workers, use a scheduling app like Sling. If you have office-based workers, use a project management program like Asana to assign tasks and due dates for those tasks. And for inter-office communication, use any kind of messaging app, like Slack or GroupMe.

3.   You’ll Have to Worry About Legal Stuff

When you enter the business world, you expose yourself to all kinds of lawsuits. Some of these lawsuits might come from disgruntled employees or angry customers. Other times, you might get pestered by the IRS or by your local tax jurisdiction for late or inaccurate tax filings, or late sales tax remittance. It’s important that you find a reliable lawyer you can regularly consult with. A lawyer may be able to help you out of a legal crisis, or they could help you avoid one in the first place. A lawyer might sound very expensive, but there are several ways you can save money on legal fees.

4.   It Could Kill Your Passion

The worst thing about turning your passion project into a business is that it could possibly kill your passion outright. When you’re exposed to all the stress that comes with running a business—financial management, hiring, scheduling, legal fees, business development, and regulations, you might find that it spoils your pure, youthful love for whatever it is you do.

5.   You Could Live Your Best Life

But there’s also a chance that you make yourself far happier and more fulfilled than you ever were at your day job. Maybe you build a company that’s a massive success, or maybe you create a smaller company that brings you a little extra pocket cash. At the end of the day, the only thing that matters is if you’re happy. And if you’re able to get away from that job that leaves you bored to tears from nine to five and do something that you’re truly passionate about, you’ll be all the better for it.

Save Money on Legal Fees

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Don’t get me wrong – when you need legal advice, cheaper is not always better. Shopping for an attorney by price alone may not be the best strategy when you are facing important, life-changing events such as a criminal charge, a serious personal injury, or a difficult divorce. Nevertheless,  you can save yourself some money by following a few of these tips.

  1. Don’t assume that the largest law firm in town is the best. Large law firms tend to charge more than small firms and sole practitioners. If your legal needs don’t involve large corporate mergers, international business deals, or complex class action litigation, you may not need to hire a law firm whose billing rate starts at $500 per hour. Look for a smaller local firm that may be able to offer more personalized service while billing at a much more affordable rate.
  2. Sign up for a free consultation. Not all lawyers offer free consultations, but many do, especially those in the personal injury field. If you are in upstate New York and need a Niagara Falls personal injury lawyer, you may want to talk to more than one firm before you choose the one that is right for you. Be sure to ask about their fee schedule and the possible costs that could be involved with your case.  If you’re Virginia, consider ReidGoodwin personal injury lawyers. They’re a solid Richmond based firm and will do a good job for you.
  3. Be wary of slick TV ads. If you are injured by a medical device or product, you have probably seen ads on television for lawyers who handle cases like yours. You may even receive advertisements in the mail from law firms who want your business. Look at the fine print – Usually, the law firms that advertise on TV have to hire local attorneys to handle cases in your state, so why not eliminate the middleman? If you are in Massachusetts, for example, only a Massachusetts attorney may represent you in a Massachusetts court. Find an attorney in your state who has experience in the type of litigation you may need.
  4. Make sure you really need an attorney. Some states allow non-attorneys to handle certain tasks, like title searches and real estate closings. These services may be less expensive through a title company or other authorized provider.
  5. Remember: When you are being billed by the hour, the clock starts ticking as soon as your attorney picks up the phone, or as soon as you walk into his/her office. There is nothing wrong with that, but you have some control over how long your meetings and phone calls will take. Don’t waste your attorney’s time. In a divorce matter, for example, you do not want to pay $250 per hour to make your attorney listen to petty complaints about your spouse. Save that for your friends. Your attorney needs to know facts that are relevant to your case. Try to separate those from petty annoyances that will have no significance to your final outcome.

Write down a list of questions before you talk to your attorney. The less time you spend talking aimlessly while trying to remember what you wanted to ask, the less expensive your visit or phone call will be.

Don’t ask your lawyer to do tasks that you might be able to do. If you need to produce bank statements, for example, you can get them yourself rather than paying your attorney to do it. Ask your attorney if there is anything you can do; if the answer is “no,” then stand back and let him do his job!