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Ultimate Estate Planning Guide

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Estate planning is a very important step in the financial planning process.

What does it mean, what are the steps, and what’s the most effective way to plan?

Let’s dive into these questions in this estate planning guide.

What is it?

Estate planning is the process of figuring out what you would like to happen to your assets when you pass away. Assets include retirement accounts, non-retirement accounts, and physical assets (house, cars, etc.).

What should I do?

  • Get an inventory – physical and non-physical items. Physical items can include property (primary residence, rental property, land, etc.), vehicles (cars, boats, recreational vehicles, etc.), and precious metals (gold bullion, silver bullion, etc.).
  • Make a list of all debts – Mortgage, personal loans, car loans, credit card debt, etc.
  • Make a charity list – Organizations and/or charities you would like to leave a specific amount of assets for.
  • Make a few copies and send these lists to your estate administrator (more on this below)
  • Review retirement accounts – Retirement accounts include traditional IRA, Roth IRA, Rollover IRA, and employer-sponsored plans like 401(k), SIMPLE IRA, SEP IRA, 403(b), and 457. (Click here to learn more about these plans). Whichever account(s) you have, make sure the beneficiary information is up to date.
  • Review life insurance policies and annuities – Same go for any insurance policies/annuities you may have. Make sure the beneficiaries are accurate and up to date.
  • Assign Transfer on Death (TOD) designations to non-retirement accounts. A non-retirement account includes individual brokerage accounts, savings accounts, money markets, CDs, etc.
  • Create a will or a trust (more on these below)
  • Get a list of accounts and passwords – any online account you may have, create a list of accounts, usernames, and passwords. This makes it easy for the person in charge of your estate (executor) to cancel all these accounts.
  • Visit some professionals – Meet with a financial professional and an estate attorney so they can review your plan and help you with any corrections or things that you’ve missed.
  • Consolidate your accounts – If you have several bank accounts or retirement plans from past employers, consolidate them into one account. This makes it much easier on the executor.
  • Select who you want to get what – Specify who you’d like to give your house too, cars, other physical assets, and money. You like to think that your family won’t fight over who gets what, but it happens very often, so take your time here.
  • Write a living will – A living will is a document that you put together that states what medical treatment you would like to have done and what medical treatment you would not like to have done if you are incapacitated and/or unable to make any decisions.
  • Establish power of attorney – A power of attorney is someone that you trust to make decisions for you. There is a medical power of attorney and a financial power of attorney.

Estate administrator

The person in charge of your estate. If you have a will, this person is called the executor. If you have trust, this person is called a trustee. If there is no person named in the will as executor and/or there is no trust/trustee named, the courts will appoint a personal representative.

This person collects assets, pays debts, and pays out any remaining assets. If a will or trust has been drafted, then the executor or trustee has to act in accordance with the will or trust.

Wills

A will is a legal document created by you and your estate attorney that specifies who will be your executor, the beneficiaries that will receive the assets that haven’t been specified yet (retirement accounts and TOD designations), and when those assets will be transferred.

Trusts

A trust is similar to a will in regards to it being the “playbook” on who is in charge and where your assets will go. It is different, however, because you can transfer ownership of assets to a trust and any asset owned by the trust will avoid the probate process.

Probate

A court-based process where the will (if one was written) is verified of its validity. If it is, the court then goes ahead and appoints the executor named in the will as the estate administrator. This gives that person the ability to act in accordance with the will to distribute assets.

If there is no will, then the deceased died intestate. The court then appoints an estate administrator and they distribute the deceased assets in accordance with state law. They are also tasked with tracking down heirs of the deceased.

This can be an expensive process, however, so planning ahead to avoid probate as much as you can is always beneficial.

Conclusion

As I said in the beginning, estate planning is an important step in your financial planning process. Hopefully, you’ve learned a lot about what’s involved and what you need to do to sure up your estate plan.

For more information about estate planning and for our disclosures, visit www.crgfinancialservices.com.

 

If reading this blog post makes you want to try your hand at blogging, we have good news for you; you can do exactly that on Saving Advice. Just click here to get started.

How I Learned To Love Charitable Volunteering

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Charity begins at home, right? Think again.

I used to think that to dive into volunteering projects, I’d have to first be super-passionate about a cause…you know….like you see in movies. I’d have a megaphone and shout over tons of protesters who also want more licorice flavor in their chewing gum (or whatever the cause…don’t feel bad if yours isn’t as important as my example). I’d seen thousands of people walking for cancer or raising money for the heart association, or some other cause. I didn’t feel it. I’d read the brochures. Sure I felt bad for people who lost their homes, and yes, I hated reading about the tragedy of cancer or the horrible life of someone in abject poverty. But still, it didn’t strike me.

I was complaining about this to a close friend one day, who said, “You’re got it wrong, Joe! You get involved FIRST and the passion comes later.”

Man, was she right.

The closest I’d felt to any cause was the Arthritis Foundation. I finally decided to help out for some selfish reasons:

1) My mom had arthritis. I might as well raise money that would help someone in my family.

2) (and sadly, probably nearly as important to the selfish version of me at the time) The president of the local Arthritis Foundation Chapter was a client of mine.

So, I jumped in.

Arthritis became my cause. Whenever I had a birthday party, backyard barbeque, or whatever, I asked friends to skip the potluck and instead bring a sealed envelope with a check for the Arthritis Foundation. I volunteered at the Jingle Bell Run (their big fundraiser) and sat in with other professionals planning bigger events to try and raise more funds.

 

What I’d Been Missing from Volunteering

 

Sure, I was giving, but man, was I also receiving! Now, I’m not saying that you should get involved with community charitable projects because of what you’ll gain, but there are so, so many advantages:

1) Networking. I never knew that in my field (financial advising), the BEST place to be was at charitable giving events. All of my target market was there (people with cash) and they were predisposed to like me because I was lending a hand.

2) Tax write offs. When I gave money, I was allowed to use these funds as an itemized deduction on my tax return.

3) Great feelings. There’s nothing more fun than meeting the people you’re helping out.

4) Travel. My friend Chris helped out after the earthquake in Pakistan and also after the tsunami on the Indian Ocean. He’s seen the world…and helped humanity at the same time.

 

Expanding Your Volunteering Reach

 

We went further. Cheryl took the kids on a medical mission trip to Guatemala. Suddenly, we saw that there were opportunities all over the world you could take advantage of. You can build houses in the Appalachians, fight poverty in Africa, or volunteer work Sydney with UNICEF. Imagine a trip to Sydney, Australia and pitching in!

Unfortunately, I couldn’t go with my family last summer on the trip, but all three agreed that using free time to volunteer, while exhausting, was more rewarding than just hanging out on a beach somewhere.

Cheryl didn’t only volunteer. She planned a trip for two weeks and saw the sites the second half. If you volunteered in Sydney, for example, you could take a portion of the trip to help out and another portion to tour.

I’ll second what my friend told me: don’t feel the passion around charitable giving? Get involved first. I promise the passion will follow.

Year End Tax Planning: A (Surprising) System of Cleaning My Closet

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On the way home from this Thanksgiving weekend in Michigan, I finally reached my limit with the situation in my closet.

For the last four years it’s become bigger and bigger mounds of….clothing. Just as I get the closet organized, it becomes a mess yet again. Being a recovering financial advisor, I loathe messes. Everything should be in neat and tidy rows, not thrown on the closet floor.

Historically, at this point I’d decide to get rid of clothing. I’d pick up stuff and make the “stow or go” draft move:

“No,” the hoarder in me said, “I’ll wear that some day.”

“I got that at my favorite 5k in 1998. I can’t get rid of the Pickle Run shirt!”

“If I get that stain out I’d wear it all over the place.”

I should have been saying, “Some day bell bottoms will come back in style!”

Sometimes–not often enough–I’d find a piece that definitely had to go. Whenever I brought home new clothing from holidays or trips to the mall, old stuff stacked up. The “donation” pile contained a lonely piece or two. I was adding clothing at a 2:1 rate over donations.

On the way home I snapped. Suddenly I formulated a plan:

 

The Plan

 

It was so easy, I can’t believe I hadn’t seen it earlier.

Clothing decisions (and by extension “stuff” in general”) isn’t about whether I like each “thing” or not; of course I loved them all. I wouldn’t have bought them if I didn’t like them. They all had sentimental value AND my mind needed to justify the reason I’d added them to my collection in the first place.

In short: using my current criteria, there was no way I’d ever clean out the closet.

In my a-ha moment, I flipped my thinking: the closet wasn’t a place to store all the cool stuff I wanted to keep. It was a place to store things I needed.

Following that train of thought led me to the real question:

How much did I really need?

 

The List

 

I made a list of things I really needed:

10 Long Sleeve Running Shirts (probably don’t need 10, but that was a start)

10 Short Sleeve Running Shirts (closer to the number)

4 Pairs Running Shorts

3 Pairs of Jeans

4 Pairs of Dress Pants

3 Suits (again, probably too many for my lifestyle, but I could cut more later)

6 Ties

6 Button down shirts

5 Pullover sweaters

….and so on.

 

…and Action!

 

Sunday was a bloodbath in my closet. I tore everything out and placed it on the floor. I was making Top 10 lists of each type of clothing. Soon I was at the difficult portion: there were pieces I liked, but they didn’t make the  Top 10 (or 5, or whatever….). At this point it didn’t matter how much I liked the shirt: there were enough pieces for me to wear without it in my closet. Better to gift it to someone who really needs it this holiday than to keep it sitting in my closet with 10+ items I’d rather wear.

I created a gigantic mound of clothing to donate.

 

Itemized Charitable Donation Deductions: Bonus Time!

 

If you itemize your taxes, you are probably eligible for charitable donations to 501c3 organizations. If you aren’t sure whether the place you want to donate clothing is a 501c3, just ask them. They’ll know.

If your organization is eligible and you itemize deductions on your taxes, you may be able to write off your charitable contributions. I received a receipt at Goodwill that listed all of the items I’d donated to them. I’ll use this at tax time next year.

Bonus!

 

The Lesson

 

I’ve learned this lesson 100 times and still continue to struggle with it daily. Don’t get caught in one line of thinking about a problem….especially nagging ones like cleaning out a closet. Turn the question around. Search for a better answer. Scour the web for strategies….soon you’ll have a clean closet, better decisions and possibly tax deductions!

 

This is another in our list of systems for busy people. Want more? Check out our budget plan for busy couples. It’s another play-tested system (that one OG uses with couples all the time and I used when practicing…it’s worked magic for non-budgeters.)

What are you waiting for? Go clean out that closet and cha-ching on the tax deductions!!!! What system do you use for weeding out old clothes you still love but should probably chuck?

Hero of the Week! – You.

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I usually reserve Monday for our Boner of the Week! post, in which I discuss an outrageous financial event or statement in the media. But in the spirit of the holiday season, today we’re turning in a different direction: random acts of kindness.

It’s a rare day when I’m happy when reading the news. It’s always politicians fighting, a celebrity has died or they’ve discovered drugs on a professional sports hero. So depressing. Friday, though, I was incredibly heartened when I read that people are randomly and anonymously paying off people’s layaway bill at K Mart and Walmart. Is it true that people, en masse, are taking up the reins and helping complete strangers pay their layaway bill?

It appears that it is. And it seems it’s going viral. Not only is this random generosity being chronicled in the Dayton Daily News above, but it’s appearing in newspapers across the nation

This is how charity should work. It’s exciting to know that people are donning the mask of anonymity and helping out people in need without expecting praise or financial compensation in return. Does this happen much? Are we, as a nation, charitable? Do we often help out complete strangers?

The quick answer?  Kind of.

Charitable Giving Around the World


This charitable giving index heat map, created by the Charities Aid Foundation, displays country-by-country ranking in the area of giving. Canada is the third most giving country overall, while the United States ranks fifth.

Digging Into the Charitable Giving Numbers

When it comes to gifts of money, 64 percent of Canadians and 60 percent of Americans hand over cash to charities. The Netherlands is the leader in this sub-category, with 77 percent of people gifting money to charities.

The numbers are reversed when it comes to giving time. 39 percent of the U.S. population and 35 percent of Canadians volunteer time for an organization. The leader? Turkmenistan, where a whopping 61 percent of citizens gave time.

What if someone is a complete stranger, such as the case in the K Mart an Walmart incidents? There’s some relatively good news in this area. 68 percent of Canadians answer that they have helped someone they don’t know, as compared to 65 percent of those in the United States. The leader is Liberia, at 76 percent.

If you’d like to dig further into charitable giving data, here’s a helpful chart at the Guardian website.

What does this data mean?

To me, it means that in the United States and Canada, we’re doing a fair job of giving, but we could be more charitable. We’re being soundly beaten by other countries in volunteerism, gifts of cash, and gifts to strangers.

Still, we’re among the leaders in most categories. This makes sense because the GDP of both the United States and Canada are high enough that you’d expect a similarly high level of charitable contributions. It’s exciting to see the number of people who donate time and give to strangers. At a time when many people are struggling, we’re still finding ways to go out and help in person, or to give to people who we may never meet again.

This random act of K Mart and Walmart kindness is particularly awesome to me because there is little chance that someone who performs these acts would even answer a survey to create the data above. This is completely anonymous giving, which makes it exciting.

Here’s a few of the reasons I love this story:

  1. No government mandated it, or told us that we’d all be taken care of. We’re actually taking care of each other without threat, payment or promise of acknowledgement.
  2. Although charitable contributions are tax deductible, people are waiving their right to claim this good deed for a tax break “profit.”
  3. The snowball effect is happening. As one person reads it, they get fired up and also give. You don’t need to come up with a new strategy or “neat” giving idea. Here’s a wonderful way to help a family.

The Potential Downside

I hope this random-acts-of-kindness outbreak doesn’t adversely effect donations to large, established charities. These organizations are well-oiled machines, and money you place in their capable hands is distributed only after careful due diligence in most cases.

I also hope that these people who are the random beneficiaries of this kindness use this opportunity to pull themselves up and create a better life. Instead of purchasing gifts they could pay off a credit card, or fix an important automobile that helps them keep their job.

I want this random giving to continue, but I don’t want it to go unrewarded. I’m not hoping some kids have a nice holiday season. I’m hoping their parents are able to use this as an opportunity to experience the true hope of the holiday.

What are you going to do?

First, I’m going to echo the call of many others. I’m going to focus on my giving pattern this holiday season. I’m going to volunteer time over the next few weeks to people and organizations that need my help. In fact, my children are already leaders in this area, helping out a local shelter on a weekly basis. It’s time for me to join them.

As a blogger, I’m hoping to ring the bell on this idea of random acts of charity. I hope we’re all able to help someone who could use a hand. All we need to do is think for a moment about whether it’s money, time or a gift to a stranger that is most important in our world.

Which is it for you? Does this “viral” campaign move you to give differently? What’s your next charitable act? Are you going to be the stranger giving some family a layaway present they didn’t expect?

If you’re going to do a random act, please share with us in the comments below….not for a pat on the back, but to share with other potential “random” gift-givers your ideas. I think we can feed off each others gifts to do better ourselves.

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